Hydrogenated Rosin: Yesterday, Today, and the Road Ahead
Historical Development
A century ago, rosin—straight from pine trees—anchored industries from varnishes to printer inks. Chemists started hydrogenating rosin in the 20th century to tackle old problems like yellowing and instability. The classic rosin formula brought stickiness and color, but the hydrogenation process changed that. More stable, lighter, and less prone to oxidation, hydrogenated rosin found its way into electrical tapes, adhesives, and chewable gum. As demand grew for cleaner and longer-lasting materials in the electronics and pharmaceuticals world, factories in the US and Europe pioneered reactors and catalysts that could roll out hydrogenated rosin at scale. This innovation didn’t just serve industry—it sparked new research into bio-based materials. Many chemists and manufacturers today owe a debt to those early experiments with hydrogen and pine sap.
Product Overview
Hydrogenated rosin, sometimes called “stabilized rosin,” builds on natural rosin’s core but transforms its makeup by selectively adding hydrogen under controlled heat and pressure, usually on a bed of a catalyst like palladium or nickel. Among the alternatives to plain rosin, hydrogenated rosin really stands out for its colorlessness and extra resistance to aging. You’ll see it listed as “DPR,” “hydroabietic acid,” “dehydroabietic acid hydrogenate,” or even “water white rosin.” In the commodities world, hydrogenated rosin remains popular with buyers who need a resin that won’t turn dark in sunlight or break down in the presence of air. The biggest markets by volume are in adhesives, chewing gum, ink, and rubber compounding, though the list keeps growing as more companies search for biobased plasticizers and stabilizers.
Physical & Chemical Properties
In a beaker, hydrogenated rosin looks like a pale, almost see-through solid that softens at lower temperatures than regular rosin. It handles heat well, with softening points typically running from 75 to 85°C. Water doesn’t dissolve hydrogenated rosin, but alcohols and most non-polar solvents break it down just fine. It usually comes as a brittle, glassy mass or flows as granules for easier mixing. Once hydrogenation knocks out the reactive double bonds that complicate traditional rosin, the end product gains a whole new calmness toward oxygen—little to no yellowing, even after months in the sun. Chemically, hydrogenated rosin still relies on abietic acid skeletons, but the saturated rings repel the processes that fuel oxidation and polymerization. Most grades keep acid values around 160–170 mg KOH/g, which matters when blending into products like paints or inks.
Technical Specifications & Labeling
Technical sheets for hydrogenated rosin run down key numbers: acid value, color (often measured on Gardner or Lovibond scales), melting or softening points, and the percentage of unsaponifiable matter. Consistency matters most for the big buyers—no one wants a batch that strays outside spec. Most reliable suppliers now guarantee consistent color and acid value to meet adhesive, ink, and food standards. Product bags usually indicate the grade, batch number, manufacturer, and—important for traceability—compliance logos for ISO, REACH, and FDA clearances where needed. Labels sometimes include synonyms like “fully hydrogenated rosin,” “stabilized rosin,” or codes like HRT and HRR, with subtle differences among grades for food contact or electronics. Every label also advises safe storage: sealed drums in cool, dry spots to limit air and light exposure.
Preparation Method
Hydrogenated rosin has roots in batch reactors, where the resin is melted and agitated in the presence of a metal catalyst under a steady trickle of hydrogen. Most manufacturers rely on fixed-bed or trickle-bed reactors packed with palladium or nickel on carbon. Processors monitor temperature, pressure, and hydrogen flow, tuning each to avoid over-reduction, which can lower acid values or wreck resin structure. The finished resin gets filtered and distilled to clear away catalyst residues and leftover volatiles. Some manufacturers tweak process steps to narrow color, boost stability, or lock in specific acid values for stricter industries like pharmaceuticals. Controlled hydrogenation lets chemists steer the resulting product for targeted performance, especially if they’re after ultra-light color for electronics or specific melt points for hot-melt adhesives.
Chemical Reactions & Modifications
The process behind hydrogenated rosin focuses on saturating the unsaturated bonds in abietic and related resin acids, producing dihydroabietic and tetrahydroabietic acids. These steps close the doors to the main oxidative and photochemical reactions that gave classic rosin its yesteryear problems: yellowing, brittleness, and poor storage life. By knocking out those vulnerable spots on the molecule, the product earns a wider window for chemical modification. Companies blend hydrogenated rosin into ester gum, rosin soaps, and tackifying resins for coatings and adhesives. Perfumers sometimes use derivatives for stability in scent bases. Hydrogenated rosin often winds up as a feedstock for further esterification or maleic anhydride grafting to prep high-performance emulsifiers or binders. Its saturated backbone makes it much less likely to cause discoloration in downstream uses.
Synonyms & Product Names
On the trade and research side, hydrogenated rosin circles under a handful of aliases. These range from “hydrogenated gum rosin” to “water white rosin” and “fully reduced rosin.” Some suppliers brand unique blends or proprietary formulations for specialized adhesives or coatings. Chemical catalogs feature listings like “hydroabietic acid,” a specific hydrogenation product, but buyers and industrial users will more often see general labels tied to performance grades—HRT for high-resistance types, HRR for reduced reactivity, and food or pharma symbols where clean processing standards apply. This mix of names sometimes trips up new buyers, but most major producers publish cross-references for clarity.
Safety & Operational Standards
Hydrogenated rosin wins fans for its safe handling profile—less dusting, fewer fumes, and milder irritancy than old-school rosin. Most workplaces handling the material follow best practices: gloves, goggles, and proper ventilation for heated blending. Key global guidance comes from standards like OSHA, REACH, and the Global Harmonized System, which list hydrogenated rosin as a low-to-moderate hazard mainly for skin or eye irritation. Since hydrogenation cuts out unstable double bonds, storage and fire risks drop compared to regular rosin, but warehouses still keep the product away from heat or flame. Food-grade material usually ships with extra paperwork for ISO 22000 or FDA-compliant production, which spells out everything from traceability to contaminant limits. Companies stay ahead by training workers in spill response, air filtration, and safe drum handling—a lesson from real-life incidents where rosin dust ignited or spills made floors slick.
Application Area
Hydrogenated rosin roots itself in adhesives—pressure-sensitive tapes, hot-melt glues, and medical plasters—where color and aging matter most. Chewing gum bases count on it for flavor stability and chew characteristics. Electronics makers blend it into fluxes for circuit soldering, making use of its low residue and non-yellowing profile. Inks and coatings rely on hydrogenated rosin for clarity and resistance to weathering. You’ll even find it in road paint and thermoplastic markings, as well as specialty rubbers and footwear adhesives that stand up to tough environments. Personal care companies include food-grade grades in cosmetics and dental products, where mildness and clarity go a long way. As the push for bio-based, non-toxic materials grows, hydrogenated rosin finds fresh routes into packaging, pharmaceuticals, and high-end coatings. My own early encounters with hydrogenated rosin came on the adhesive shop floor, where changing from standard rosin to the hydrogenated type doubled the shelf life and solved our darkening problems overnight.
Research & Development
Much of today’s research in hydrogenated rosin revolves around greener processing, improved catalysts, and tailored molecular structures. University and industrial chemists explore how to minimize waste during hydrogenation, swap out rare metals for cheaper or more recyclable alternatives, and fine-tune reaction parameters to maximize yield. Some labs play with hybrid resins, blending hydrogenated rosin with other bio-based polymers to forge new plastics. Paint chemists experiment with modified hydrogenated rosin to boost drought and UV resistance in outdoor coatings. Advanced analytical tools like NMR and chromatography let researchers dig deeper into how slight process tweaks affect stability and aging. There’s a parallel push in the medical and food sectors, looking into how ultra-pure hydrogenated rosin can support safer, allergy-friendly adhesives for wound care or dental use.
Toxicity Research
Hydrogenated rosin takes some of the heat off classic rosin for workplace safety and environmental impact. Toxicology studies mostly pin it as a low-hazard substance, with primary risks tied to dust or hot resin splashes, not systemic toxicity. Comparative tests found lower skin sensitization rates against standard rosin, especially in patch testing for medical plasters and bandages. Airborne hydrogenated rosin particles cause less lung irritation than non-hydrogenated types, cutting down on occupational asthma or dermatitis. Environmental testing shows moderate biodegradability, and breakdown products rarely threaten aquatic life at normal concentrations. Regulators in the EU, US, and Asia continue to monitor, but current science and decades of commercial use keep hydrogenated rosin off most high-concern lists. Food-contact grades always run extra allergen and contaminant checks, with industry backing ongoing research into chronic exposure just in case new risks surface.
Future Prospects
Future demand for hydrogenated rosin looks strong, as consumer goods, electronics, and green packaging drive up the need for cleaner materials. Industry groups and R&D teams put weight behind faster, cleaner hydrogenation routes that cut energy costs and waste. There’s real potential to push hydrogenated rosin into new medical and food packaging fields, backed by ongoing purity research. Growth in bio-based and compostable plastics spotlights hydrogenated rosin as a key feedstock. Production sites in Asia, Europe, and North America keep scaling up to meet big orders, and new startups hunt for business with tailor-made resins for the electric vehicle and high-performance coatings markets. As the chemical industry pivots toward sustainability, hydrogenated rosin—rooted in renewable pine resources—seems set to expand into spots where only synthetic or petroleum-derived additives once stood.
The Science and the Story
Hydrogenated rosin doesn’t come up much in daily conversations, yet plenty of folks encounter its work without realizing it. The process starts with rosin from pine trees, which gets treated with hydrogen. This reaction changes its chemical structure. You end up with something lighter in color, less prone to oxidation, and with better stability against heat and aging.
Adhesives and Sealants — More Than Sticky Business
Walk through a bustling packaging plant. Cardboard boxes fly past, each one sealed like a clam. Chances are, hydrogenated rosin is playing a part in the hot melt adhesives holding those boxes closed. Because it resists yellowing and keeps its properties even as temperatures shift, manufacturers trust it year-round. Hot melt glue sticks used for crafting, bookbinding, and carpentry jobs often include this material. Some companies say that switching to hydrogenated rosin lets their products keep a clean look over time, which makes a difference on shelves and in workshops alike.
Inks and Coatings — Keeping Color Bright
Print shops and newspaper presses choose ink formulas built to last. The resin in these inks not only gives body and tack but also needs to fight off fading and smudging. Hydrogenated rosin, with its improved oxidation resistance, keeps inks stable and lets colors hold up better under sunlight or tough warehouse storage. Printers and carton makers often mention fewer complaints from clients about color shifting, which saves both money and headaches in the long run.
Rubber Goods and Tire Manufacturing
Every so often, I’ll walk by old tires on a curb and notice how cracked and faded the rubber looks. Tire compounding labs use hydrogenated rosin to soften synthetic rubbers but also to keep tires from breaking down as fast. By helping rubber stay flexible and work with more fillers or plasticizers, these rosins let companies get better mileage from their rubber. Some engineers I spoke to say a simple choice in additives makes the difference between tires that last a few summers and ones that survive winter’s freeze and blistering highway heat.
Chewing Gum and the Food World
Most folks never think about why chewing gum stays soft and chewy. Hydrogenated rosin acts as an emulsifier, blending sugars and flavor oils steadily. On ingredient labels, you’ll see it as “gum base” or its food-safe variant (ester gum). Regulatory groups like the US FDA have marked certain forms as safe, so leading gum brands don’t hesitate to use it. Chewers may never know, but manufacturers point to hydrogenated rosin as the unsung hero preventing sticky gums from drying out or turning crumbly in your pocket.
Everyday Impact and Looking Ahead
Hydrogenated rosin plays its part in daily routines, even if most people never meet it by name. Choosing the right formulation in adhesives, inks, or foods takes a mix of science and practical know-how. Companies focus more on sourcing rosin from sustainable forests these days. The chemical tweaks that give hydrogenated rosin its edge also let people reap the benefits of natural resources while making sure products in stores stand up to real-world use. Factories experiment with ways to cut down on waste and limit their use of harsh chemicals. Watching the direction of research, one thing stands out: people still want better products that use smarter, safer ingredients. Hydrogenated rosin keeps finding new spaces to play that role.
Understanding Hydrogenated Rosin in Food
Hydrogenated rosin pops up in a lot of ingredient lists. It gets used as a glazing agent in chewing gum, certain drinks, sometimes even in coatings for fruits. You’ll see it listed as E915 or just “hydrogenated rosin.” People have started to ask questions about what exactly we’re swallowing with this stuff.
The basic story: rosin comes from pine tree sap. Companies take the natural resin, refine it, and then treat it with hydrogen to stabilize it. This process aims to make the material less reactive, less likely to give off odd smells or go rancid. It’s not some chemical dream whipped up in a lab, but neither does it come straight out of the woods.
What Science Says About Safety
Scientists and food safety groups have poked at hydrogenated rosin for years. Food authorities across Europe, the US, and Asia have looked at the data. They set limits on how much food manufacturers can use. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) checked everything from how well rats digest the substance to potential links with allergies or toxins. So far, studies don’t show major red flags at legal levels. For most folks, their intake from foods stays way below the threshold these agencies pick.
That said, the track record out in the wild world of food colors, stabilizers, and gums rarely sits at zero risk for all people at all doses. There are some folks who deal with allergies to pine trees or their by-products. In labs, high doses caused gut discomfort for animals, but those amounts far outweigh anything you see in gum or candy.
What My Own Caution Tells Me
Growing up, I always paid attention to ingredient labels after developing food sensitivities. Any new, odd-sounding additive, I found myself looking it up. Rosin-based glazing never directly triggered a reaction for me, but I knew people who didn’t tolerate certain chewing gums or citrus sodas. A friend with tree pollen allergies watched labels just in case. Most kids I knew kept on chewing, and no one ever landed in the ER from a stick of gum.
As an adult, learning about hydrogenated rosin’s processing left me a bit wary. Not because of direct evidence it harms everyone, but because food chemistry keeps getting more complicated. Mixing natural and synthetic processes can blur lines. Experience, for me, means recognizing that just because something passes guidelines doesn’t mean every body will deal with it in the same way.
Looking for Smarter Food Choices
People want food that tastes good, keeps its texture, and stays fresh on shelves. Additives like hydrogenated rosin help keep this possible. But real trust builds from transparency and good science. I’ve found that reading up on EFSA rulings, FDA notes, or independent research helps cut through the noise. Consumer voices matter. When someone reports trouble with a product, it’s worth listening—a pattern of complaints sometimes points out gaps that regulators missed.
If you have allergies or notice odd side effects after eating food with hydrogenated rosin, tell a doctor or report it. For those who crave more natural ingredients, a bit of label reading goes a long way. Food companies do respond when enough people ask questions. Watching out for yourself, using clear information, builds better choices—not just for you, but for others with the same questions.
Understanding What Hydrogenation Does to Rosin
Most folks know rosin as a sticky, amber solid pulled from pine resin. Over the years, I’ve watched it roll through industries—used in inks, adhesives, and good old violin bows. But rosin’s stickiness and tendency to darken over time have left more than a few manufacturers scratching their heads. Enter hydrogenation, which shakes up rosin’s basic character in ways that make life a whole lot easier for people relying on its performance.
Seeing the Change with Your Own Eyes
Toss rosin into a hydrogenation reaction and it doesn’t come out the same. This process steers hydrogen to bond with specific double bonds in rosin’s compounds, cutting down the rate of oxidation. You end up with a lighter color and a more stable product. I remember testing batches of varnish—fresh hydrogenated rosin gave a much brighter, cleaner finish. That clarity matters for everyone making clear coatings or glossy packaging. Without this treatment, rosin can yellow and get brittle, which becomes a big problem in anything that gets exposed to sunlight or heat.
Improved Shelf Life and Performance
Stability ranks high for manufacturers who want products that last. Regular rosin starts to oxidize and break down during long storage, especially if it’s in a humid or hot spot. Hydrogenated rosin holds its appearance and tack for longer. I’ve stacked cans of adhesive in a warehouse through muggy summers and the hydrogenated resins kept their stick without turning into crusty bricks. Factories wind up with fewer product recalls and less waste. Color retention in paints matters just as much—shoeboxes on a retail shelf stay bright instead of fading, so the packaging keeps selling the product inside.
Better Compatibility with Modern Ingredients
Plenty of newer polymers and plasticizers work better with hydrogenated rosin. I’ve seen technicians in the printing trade switch to it because it blends smoother in flexographic inks, especially water-based ones. Smoother blends mean fewer headaches with plugged-up equipment and streaky prints. The hydrogenation treatment also trims down acidic sites in the resin, cutting back on corrosion in metal packaging. Glue makers get similar benefits—less chance of the glue eating through its own container over time.
Safety and Health Improvements
Hydrogenated rosin’s lower reactivity matters in more than just manufacturing. People who handle adhesives, sealants, or food coatings worry about allergens and sensitivity issues. Less reactive hydrogenated resins tend to trigger fewer irritations. Research published in industrial journals backs this up—the harshest effects often come from the naturally oxidized acids in untreated rosin, which hydrogenation helps tame. That means schools, offices, and homes using these products get a safer experience, especially over long-term contact.
Finding Environmental and Economic Sweet Spots
Every extra process adds to cost, but hydrogenation doesn’t require rare or exotic chemicals. Most hydrogenated rosin on the market today comes from pine forests managed responsibly in the Southeastern United States or Europe. Regulatory groups, such as the EPA and ECHA, have studied these resins and found the main health risks drop with proper hydrogenation. Using a more stable compound means companies can ship more product with fewer spoilage losses. That reduces energy waste and saves a tidy sum over the long haul. It’s common sense—fewer throwaway batches mean more money and less impact on the planet.
Room for Smarter Practices
Hydrogenation answers a lot of rosin’s big headaches. Still, no process works like a magic bullet. Sometimes over-hydrogenated batches lose the sticky grip that industries want for certain adhesives. Tighter controls on the hydrogenation step help keep quality right where it should be. Sharing best practices, publishing data on outcomes, and keeping an eye on both short- and long-term results can keep this eco-friendly resin at the top of its game.
Getting to the Root of Rosin
I remember the first time I watched a pine tree tapped for resin. The sticky sap, oozing in the summer heat, would one day become something used in everything from varnishes to sticky adhesives. That sticky substance, once processed, goes by the name “rosin.” If you’ve ever played a string instrument, handled road-marking paint, or even chewed gum, you’ve encountered rosin somewhere in your daily life.
Out of all the types, regular rosin shows up as a golden, brittle chunk. It’s packed with abietic acids and other resin acids straight from nature. Rosin does wonders for grip on violin bows and provides a tacky boost to adhesives. Still, anyone who’s worked with it knows regular rosin doesn’t always age well. Exposure to air and light leads to oxidation. Pretty soon, it darkens, gets sticky in heat, and starts to lose some of that punch.
How Hydrogenation Changes the Game
Some clever minds took regular rosin and ran it through a hydrogenation process. Simply put, hydrogen is introduced to the resin acids, targeting the double bonds. This action makes those acids more stable, with a bit of science magic. Suddenly you have hydrogenated rosin—still tacky, still useful, but now with a lot more staying power under sunlight, heat, and oxygen.
Picture walking through a parking lot on a hot August day. Pavement markings painted with regular rosin-based pigment may fade or soften, especially after a season or two. Sub out regular rosin for hydrogenated, and the story changes—lines stay sharper, paint resists yellowing, and the parking job looks good for years. Gum makers picked up on this long ago; chewing gum sticks around much longer with hydrogenated rosin inside, because the stuff isn’t so quick to turn gummy or rancid.
Environmental and Health Questions
In recent years, I’ve seen increasing worry about the environmental profile of everything, rosin included. Regular rosin comes from a renewable resource—pine trees—so its reputation starts strong. But hydrogenation often uses catalysts and extra steps. Some folks ask if those steps leave behind unwanted traces, or inflate the carbon footprint. Health experts, too, debate if certain modified resins sneak into products where they shouldn’t, especially in food packaging and chewing gum. Both versions rate well for safety in most uses, though nothing competes with full transparency from makers and strict oversight.
Big Impact on Industry Performance
From my time consulting for a small road paint manufacturer, hydrogenated rosin transformed how long the product held up under punishing conditions—summer temperatures and constant tire wear. Regular rosin couldn’t match the lifecycle. For adhesives, especially those used outside or in tropical climates, hydrogenated rosin stands out by keeping sticky power even when temperatures swing or humidity spikes. Manufacturers choosing between these two have to balance cost with performance. Regular rosin still wins out in low-budget uses and in places where ultimate stability isn’t critical.
Looking Ahead
No one wants to give up on old-fashioned rosin. It’s been essential for centuries. But as products face tougher demands—longer shelf lives, tougher climates, stricter safety rules—hydrogenated rosin keeps getting more attention. My experience suggests a smart path involves investing in greener hydrogenation, tighter controls, and greater honesty about sourcing. Smarter choices here help every link in the chain, from factory floor to everyday consumer.
Sticky Solutions: Adhesive Industries
If you’ve ever torn open a package sealed tightly or ripped off a bandage, chances are you’ve come into contact with hydrogenated rosin. Companies use it to make pressure-sensitive adhesives for tape and labels. Hydrogenation keeps the resin clear and prevents it from darkening over time. Imagine if clear tape turned yellow in the drawer after only a few months—nobody wants that, especially manufacturers trying to keep products looking new on store shelves. The sticky performance matters too; hydrogenated rosin helps glue keep its grip without going brittle or gummy. Big brands in packaging and medical supplies rely on these properties to keep products safe, secure, and hygienic.
Rubber Meets the Road: Tyre and Rubber Materials
Hydrogenated rosin plays a strong supporting role in tyres and flexible rubber products. Tyre makers blend it into compounds to get the balance of flexibility, strength, and aging resistance just right. It lets tyres handle weather changes without cracking or losing elasticity. In the past, I’ve swapped out old bike tyres and felt the difference between high-quality, supple rubber and material that’s dried out from sun and road exposure. Hydrogenated rosin helps push performance in sports shoes, industrial belts, and automotive hoses too. This keeps vehicles rolling safely and makes gear last longer in tough conditions.
Reliable Ingredients in Inks and Coatings
Printing ink factories and paint manufacturers keep hydrogenated rosin in steady demand. It improves gloss, fast drying, and color retention, leading to bolder prints and glass-like finishes in magazines, labels, and decorative packaging. Anyone managing a print shop or running a painting crew can tell the difference between a cheap, dull finish and something vibrant that stands the test of time. Stable pigments mean less fading on storefront windows and billboards exposed to harsh sun and rain. These little details help businesses keep their branding and advertising sharp, without constant touch-ups.
Ingredients That Protect: Food and Pharmaceuticals
Hydrogenated rosin even shows up in some food-grade applications. Gum manufacturers use it to stabilize chewing gum bases and deliver a pleasant mouthfeel. Its purity meets strict safety requirements, making it useful for coatings on pills and capsules. Medicine makers look for reliable sources to guarantee nothing harmful ends up in the supply chain. I’ve always appreciated how attention to these small details can make products safer and more pleasant to use—no gritty, off-flavored gums or pills with a strange aftertaste.
Future Directions and Environmental Responsibility
As demand grows for sustainable chemistry, industries still wrestle with the environmental cost of resin harvesting and processing. Rosin begins as tree sap, so responsible sourcing from managed forests matters. Hydrogenation usually happens with catalysts under high pressure, which takes energy and careful emissions management. Big players in adhesives and coatings have started switching to renewable energy and tracking the origin of their raw materials. These steps can’t fix everything overnight, but they signal a move toward better stewardship across the supply chain. Seeing industry giants invest in traceable, greener practices gives hope that future innovations won’t sacrifice the planet for performance.
Summary
Hydrogenated rosin may not get the spotlight, but it serves as a backbone for products people use daily—from sticky notes and sneakers to gum and glossy magazines. Each industry tweaks its approach, hunting for ways to deliver safer, longer-lasting, and more sustainable solutions in everything from packaging to health care.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Hydrogenated rosin |
| Other names |
Gum rosin
Hydrogenated resin Hydrogenated colophony Hydrogenated pine resin Rosin, hydrogenated |
| Pronunciation | /haɪˈdrɒdʒəneɪtɪd ˈrəʊzɪn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 8050-15-5 |
| Beilstein Reference | 3921810 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:52714 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3184788 |
| ChemSpider | 2325031 |
| DrugBank | DB14166 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 03-2119441535-44-0000 |
| EC Number | 215-981-2 |
| Gmelin Reference | 89287 |
| KEGG | C16335 |
| MeSH | D017360 |
| PubChem CID | 10564 |
| RTECS number | WI6000000 |
| UNII | YK9T69452Y |
| UN number | UN1325 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C20H34O2 |
| Molar mass | 302.46 g/mol |
| Appearance | Light yellow to pale amber solid |
| Odor | Resinous |
| Density | D=1.07 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in water | Insoluble |
| log P | 3.8 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Acidity (pKa) | 4.5 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 6 - 7 (pKb) |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | 'Diamagnetic (-9.6 × 10⁻⁶ cm³/mol)' |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.5200 |
| Viscosity | 90-200 cP |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 757.5 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -251 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -4456 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | V04CK02 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling | GHS07, Warning, H317 |
| Pictograms | GHS07,GHS09 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | Hazard statements: Causes skin irritation. May cause an allergic skin reaction. Causes serious eye irritation. |
| Precautionary statements | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 1/1/0 |
| Flash point | > 238°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD₅₀ > 5000 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| LD50 (median dose) | 7000 mg/kg (Rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | 1003 |
| PEL (Permissible) | '15 mg/m3' |
| REL (Recommended) | REL-TWA 0.1 mg/m³ |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Rosin
Partially hydrogenated rosin Polymerized rosin Maleic rosin Fumarated rosin Disproportionated rosin |
