Rosin Ester: Progress, Product Insight, and Future Directions

Historical Development

Rosin’s history runs parallel with human ingenuity in materials science. Harvested from pine trees, rosin saw use centuries ago: as a grip enhancer for athletes, a waterproofing element for bows, or a key ingredient in violin stoppers. By the late 1800s, industrial chemists pressed for resins that could take pine pitch to another level—and so rosin esterification entered the scene. By reacting rosin acids with alcohols, especially glycerol or pentaerythritol, early producers shaped a new class of materials with altered melting points, solubility, and performance. Synthetic needs gave rise to this shift, fueling paper, rubber, and adhesives industries. After the 1950s, pressure-sensitive adhesives and hot-melt glues kept demand growing. Regions with robust pine forestry—like Southern USA and parts of China—flourished as rosin ester research centers, pushing formulations for tack, color stability, and compatibility with polymers.

Product Overview

Rosin esters form from the union of rosin acids and polyhydric alcohols in controlled reactions. Most commercial types fall into categories: glycerol esters, pentaerythritol esters, and occasionally ethylene glycol esters. Modification processes can adjust properties: hydrogenation for color and oxidation resistance, or polymerization for molecular weight. In the market, these esters show up as amber-colored chunks or flakes. Product labels usually clarify softening point, acid value, and color index. Modern suppliers commonly offer hydrogenated grades for higher weatherability, food-compatible grades for chewing gum or adhesives on labels, and industrial types used in inks, rubbers, and even road-marking paints. Major product names come from both international chemical giants and regional resin experts who often tweak formulations for specific end-uses.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Rosin esters generally present as hard, glassy solids with a resinous aroma. Color ranges from pale yellow to deep amber; hydrogenated grades carry a lighter shade. Softening points land anywhere between 80°C to 150°C, depending on the base alcohol and reaction conditions. Acid value drops significantly compared to unmodified rosin—falling below 20 mg KOH/g in many cases—since most carboxylic acids become esterified. Solubility tends toward non-polar solvents: esters dissolve easily in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons but resist water. Saponification values reflect residual free acids and unreacted alcohols. Chemically, ester groups give rosin esters greater hydrolytic stability than raw rosin. Oxidation stability depends on the amount of unsaturated abietic acids left; hydrogenation helps limit yellowing or rancidity. High-gloss finish, thermal stability, and resistance to flow at room temperature all set rosin esters apart from crude pine resins.

Technical Specifications & Labeling

Every bag or drum of rosin ester carries technical numbers as safeguards for quality. Buyers look first at softening point (ball and ring ASTM methods), acid value, and color (Gardner or ASTM scale). A typical batch may quote: softening point 100–105°C, acid value under 15 mg KOH/g, and color grade 5 on a Gardner scale. Moisture content usually sits below 0.2%. Ash content stays low; heavy metals undergo screening in food-grade versions. Labeling rules grow stricter as products move closer to food or pharma. European Union lists numbers like E915 for some food-contact grades. For adhesives or ink, the technical data sheets—read almost like nutritional labels—warn about compatibility with EVA, SIS, or natural rubber, and about requirements on UV stability or migration.

Preparation Method

Producers soak rosin in reaction tanks and add alcohol (like glycerol or pentaerythritol), charging the mixture with acid or alkaline catalyst. The reaction runs under stirring at 230°C to 280°C, managing water vapor venting and ensuring full transformation of acids into esters. After the esterification, cooling, settling, and sometimes vacuum stripping follow. Quality control, both during and post-reaction, checks for color, softening point, and residual acid. Modern factories use batch and continuous reactors, scaling easily from specialty grades for medical adhesives to bulk production for tire-compound tackifiers. Hydrogenation (passing hydrogen over palladium catalysts under pressure) may follow to remove double bonds, brightening color and improving shelf life. Long-term improvements mean tighter controls on purity, energy use reduction, and less environmental by-product.

Chemical Reactions & Modifications

Rosin esterification stands as an acid-alcohol reaction, producing water as a by-product. Polyol selection—switching from triols to tetraols—tightens or loosens the molecular matrix and changes performance. After base esterification, chemical refinement offers further adjustment: hydrogenation cuts down on yellowing and taste, while maleic anhydride addition (maleation) opens new spots for crosslinking in rubber. Recent nanotechnology approaches mix functional additives like graphene or silane compounds to expand capacity for electronics or flexible electronics adhesives. As demand for environmental compliance grows, low-VOC modifications and bio-based alcohols get attention, pushing chemistry far past basic pine gum.

Synonyms & Product Names

Chemical directories and procurement catalogs offer a jumble of trade names and synonyms. Glycerol esters of rosin, pentaerythritol esters of rosin, hydrogenated rosin ester, abietic acid esters, and gum rosin esters—all these describe close kin with small changes in formulation. In the U.S. market, names like Staybelite Ester, Foral, or Polaris show up; in Europe and Asia, local names add even more variety. Their labeling often hints at main chemical, base resin type, and manufacturer’s proprietary tweaks. Safety sheets and regulatory documents may refer to synonyms such as E915 (for food-safe), resin acids, or CAS numbers under international chemical laws.

Safety & Operational Standards

Industrial buyers and health authorities examine rosin esters through both worker safety and product stewardship lenses. Melting and handling require proper ventilation, heat insulation, and protective gear since fumes and hot liquids can cause burns or respiratory irritation. Dust from grinding or shoveling can provoke asthma for sensitive workers. Regulatory codes from OSHA (U.S.), REACH (Europe), and Chinese GB standards spell out transport, storage, and emergency steps. For food or health contact products, FDA and EFSA rules set migration, residue, and heavy metal thresholds. Manufacturers often document compliance with ISO 9001, food-safe processing (HACCP or FSSC22000), and trackable batch tracing to satisfy modern traceability standards. Waste streams and by-products—especially for colored or solvent-contaminated residues—have dedicated disposal protocols to minimize soil or water system impact.

Application Area

Manufacturers and researchers reach for rosin esters as a workhorse in adhesives, coatings, and rubbers. Hot-melt adhesives for book binding, carton sealing, and sanitary hygiene products depend on their tack and melt flow. In pressure-sensitive labels, clear tape, and masking adhesives, rosin esters carry the stickiness and rapid bonding modern packaging demands. Printing inks, especially those for flexography or gravure, need compatibility and gloss that esters deliver. Rubber industries mix them into tire compounds for grip, while road-marking paints rely on melting performance and wear resistance. Chewing gum base, lipstick, and food wraps see purified rosin esters slipped into formulas. Electronics use smaller but crucial volumes for solder fluxes. Each new niche, from bio-plastics to medical bandages, builds on established roots in tack, flow, and thermal response.

Research & Development

Research keeps shifting. Chemists push for rosin esters that blend well with biodegradable materials, opening doors in sustainable packaging and compostable adhesives. Interest in plant-based chemistry, especially non-GMO pine sources and renewable alcohols, influences product lines and funding. Industry–university collaborations bring advanced testing methods: real-time aging studies, high-sensitivity chromatography, and advanced mechanical testing under UV, temperature, and chemical stress. Smart adhesives that activate under certain pH or electric fields, wood composites for green construction, and road paint resins that withstand harsher climates all emerge from R&D pipelines. Digitalization links process data to final product performance, feeding back into tighter quality and reduced waste.

Toxicity Research

Toxicologists evaluate rosin ester exposure in both plant workers and end users. Most modern grades have low oral and dermal toxicity; ingestion of purified types typically shows little acute risk. Inhalation or dust contact can still trigger allergic reactions—especially in workers exposed over months and years. Low-grade or colored residues picked up in industrial environments may pose a greater risk, so purification steps stay critical. Food-contact products pass migration studies simulating chewing gum or candy exposure, tested for leachates in simulated saliva or gastric juice. Ecotoxicity research increasingly looks at end-of-life scenarios: what dissolves, what persists, and how breakdown might affect water and soil biology. Regulators in Europe and North America update safety limits based on current migration and long-term exposure research, closing data gaps when new applications or formulations arise.

Future Prospects

Development keeps accelerating. Demand for biodegradable adhesives and non-toxic resins in green packaging leads chemical labs to fine-tune rosin ester blends. Growing interest in clean-label food and medical products gives momentum to hydrogenated and ultra-pure grades, pushing out materials with heavy metal or contamination risk. Electronics and smart materials—think wearable devices, new types of touchscreens, road sensors—create appetite for resins that function in thinner layers, carry better conductivity, or assemble at lower heat. Automation, energy reduction, and circular economy thinking mean smaller waste streams, easier recycling, and greener logistics. As regulatory requirements evolve and industry-facing risks change, expect a new generation of rosin esters holding a permanent place in both established factories and tomorrow’s bio-based products.



What is Rosin Ester used for?

The Sticky Truth about Rosin Ester

Rosin ester doesn’t make headlines, but a quick look at everyday life pulls it out of the shadows. Think about your last encounter with tape, chewing gum, or even certain paints. That feeling of tackiness you sense while unwrapping a package or that glossy shine on some magazine covers—chances are, rosin ester played a part.

Behind the Scenes of Adhesives

Manufacturers rely on rosin esters to help create pressure-sensitive adhesives. These adhesives let sticky notes cling to your fridge, secure bandages to your skin, and keep labels on bottles even after a dunk under water. Rosin esters allow tape to stick but also peel away without leaving a mess. Years ago, tape either stuck poorly or turned into a gummy blob. Formulations with rosin esters changed all that, giving industries a way to fine-tune stickiness. Studies published in the Journal of Adhesion Science show that rosin esters provide both initial grab and lasting strength, an ideal combo for many sectors.

Making Paints and Inks Shine

Glossy magazine covers have always fascinated me for their depth and vividness. Rosin esters in inks and varnishes bring that glossy finish, helping with pigment dispersion and fast drying. This ingredient promotes brightness in packaging and print media, pushing brands to compete for attention on store shelves. For printing companies, time equals money—inks with rosin esters dry faster, so presses run without long waits. Paints containing these esters tend to resist scratches better, which matters for both artists and construction workers.

Food and Chewing Gum

Chewing gum loses its taste but refuses to disintegrate. The bounce and chewiness—rosin esters work behind the scenes in the gum base. Food regulations in North America and Europe set strict controls on purity, so only specific, food-grade rosin esters make it into your chewing gum. Food technologists point out that these resins create the signature chew that synthetic bases can’t quite mimic. Production data from the European Food Safety Authority confirms that only a small set meets dietary safety rules, but without rosin ester, your favorite gum might just fall apart or lose its elastic snap.

Rubber, Sealants, and Everyday Goods

Car tires, garden hoses, and even some shoe soles owe their resilience to rosin esters. These resins help blend natural and synthetic rubbers, offering a mix of flexibility and grip. Walk through a home improvement store. Most sealants that plumbers and mechanics reach for—to patch pipes or seal car windows—mix rosin esters into the formula. As a cyclist, I learned the benefits firsthand: handlebar tapes and tire patches hold better because of these sticky resins.

Toward Greener Choices

Environmental concerns about petroleum-derived chemicals give rosin ester some positive press. Tapped from pine trees, rosin starts as a renewable resource. Companies now develop new modifications for these resins, making them less reliant on fossil sources. Some startups experiment with bio-based plastic alternatives and compostable coatings where rosin ester plays a role. Using a resource that pulls carbon out of the air—and grows back—seems smarter than continuing to rely on finite options.

Opportunities Ahead

Challenges remain: not all processes reach the needed purity, and not every blend works for every product. Cleaner sourcing, smarter chemistry, and responsible forestry help bridge those gaps. Young engineers, chemists, and sustainability experts will likely keep redefining what rosin ester can do.

Every time you rip open a bag of chips or grab a sticky note, a chain of innovation stretching from pine forests to chemical labs quietly supports your day. Rosin ester might not look exciting, but life would get a lot messier without it.
Is Rosin Ester safe for food contact applications?

Looking at Rosin Ester and Food Safety

Rosin esters show up in products touching our everyday lives, including packaging that keeps food fresh and protected. Many people see unfamiliar ingredient names and start to wonder what’s traveling home from the grocery store right along with their purchases. I once stopped buying a certain packaged cheese because I couldn’t figure out if the waxy wrap used chemicals my kids shouldn’t be eating traces of. That got me reading up on materials like rosin ester and why regulators allow some of these additives while others raise red flags.

How Does Rosin Ester End Up in Packaging?

Rosin starts out as a sticky, fragrant substance drawn mostly from pine trees. Resin gets refined and mixed with alcohols, creating rosin esters. Manufacturers pick these esters for food wraps, adhesives, and coatings, thanks to their ability to form barriers that hold up under oil, water, and changing temperatures.

Regulatory Oversight and Testing

The basic principle driving any food contact approval in the U.S. relies on whether the substance migrates from packaging into the food and whether it poses health risks. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) lists specific grades of rosin ester among substances permitted in limited quantities for food packaging. The FDA takes a “no significant risk” approach — meaning any chemicals leaching into food cannot show evidence that they cause harm when used as specified.

Europe’s regulatory climate isn’t much different. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reviews migration levels and toxicological data, keeping an eye on lifelong, cumulative exposure. For rosin esters, both FDA and EFSA require that certain byproducts, like residual monomers or heavy metals, stay far below thresholds shown to cause problems in animal studies.

Chemistry and Real-Life Use

Manufacturers test stability, migration, and breakdown products before anything sees use in food wraps or coatings. If a manufacturer tries to cut corners, like using rosin that carries more naturally occurring impurities or pushes esterification with questionable chemicals, regulators can and do take products off the market.

From a practical point of view, rosin ester’s safety relies on purity and tight controls. For example, gum rosin sourced from reputable suppliers sticks close to quality standards. Impurities like sulfur compounds or heavy metals don’t sneak through these quality checks in significant amounts. Products hitting mainstream markets usually come backed by years of data showing exposure from rosin ester-based wraps sits well below anything scientists associate with health risks.

Potential Concerns and Solutions

No food contact material comes risk-free, and sensitive groups sometimes react even when science says the general population stays safe. Some individuals with known pine resin allergies worry about trace residues. For these groups, companies can use clear labeling, and consumers get the freedom to make informed choices.

Greater transparency from manufacturers and regulators helps the most. Posting migration results online, providing batch sources, or listing chemical processing steps goes a long way toward building trust. If packaging companies adopted open reporting as policy, I’d check those numbers myself before adding anything new to my own shopping cart.

Moving Forward

The science around food packaging moves quickly. Keeping up with new findings, enforcing stricter testing when new esters or blending agents get introduced, and supporting tighter supply chain controls let both companies and customers sleep better at night. Nobody wants to see shortcuts taken with food packaging, and independent oversight keeps standards from slipping.

From real-world experience, asking questions, reading labels, and holding companies accountable does more than any regulatory agency can do alone. Consumers demanding better information about materials like rosin ester make a difference in driving the industry to safer and smarter choices.

What are the typical physical properties of Rosin Ester?

A Real-World Look at Rosin Ester

Rosin ester comes up a lot in industries that prize sticky, long-lasting, and weather-resistant compounds. Over the years, I’ve handled clumps of the stuff and watched as it moved from solid yellow lumps to glossy, clear additions in adhesives and inks. Most folks know it for its use in hot-melt glues or road markings, but fewer recognize what really defines it: its physical properties.

Melting Point Tells More Than You Think

Every time I’ve seen rosin ester in a shop or a warehouse, its melt range stands out. Most types soften between 70°C and 140°C. You won’t need thermometers in hand to spot the difference—a summer day in a hot shed and rosin ester weeps sticky resin, but a cold truck bed keeps it tough and brittle. That shifting texture drives manufacturers to pay close attention, since a low-melt grade can clog machines while a high-melt one may never flow. Many adhesives level out their own production by choosing a blend that lands in the middle, keeping operations smooth.

Stability in Sun and Air

Some folks in packaging tell stories about inks fading or glues yellowing after just a few months. Color stability shows up as one of the most valuable points: good rosin esters keep a clear or slightly amber look even after real-life sun and air exposure. I’ve watched batches age in windowsills, and the better esters keep their look far longer. That keeps banners sharp, labels readable, and paint bright.

Solubility: Making or Breaking a Formula

Trying to dissolve rosin ester in various solvents becomes a rite of passage for formulators. Water will not pull it apart—no surprise to anyone who’s tried to wash off adhesive from a label. It dissolves well in alcohols, esters, or mineral spirits. This solvent choice turns into a big headache for those mixing road paint or printing ink, since a mismatch leads to clumps. Real success in mixing comes from tuning solvent pairs or temperatures so rosin ester breaks down cleanly and evenly.

Hardness and Stickiness: Tuning the Texture

Pressing a fingernail into a rosin ester block shows how soft the grade is. Tacky grades stick to fingers, almost like honey, while hard ones chip off like dry wax. That choice shapes everything from violin bows (where stickiness holds the hair) to tyres (where hardness controls dust pickup). If a product fails, these tiny differences in texture point the way to fixes.

Handling Moisture and Smell

Moisture creeps in everywhere, but rosin ester shrugs off a little damp without breaking apart. People who store huge sacks in humid climates don’t see swelling or mushiness, though a little stickiness can return after rain. The scent stands out: piney, a little sweet, and never chemical-sharp. That’s why a fresh shipment can make a whole warehouse smell like a forest. Still, off-odors signal aging or contamination, so a whiff often serves as the first quality check.

Looking Ahead at Practical Choices

Nobody gets excited about tiny tweaks in melting point or color, but those details define what end products do. Walking factory floors and talking with users, I see that future advances will keep focusing on better balancing heat resistance, flexibility, and stability. Cleaner processing, smarter blending, and tighter controls on purity will help. Those who respect these hands-on properties find fewer surprises and a smoother path from the raw material to real-world use.

How should Rosin Ester be stored and handled?

Understanding Rosin Ester’s Nature

Rosin ester draws a lot of attention because of its uses in adhesives, inks, and coatings. With a stickiness that comes from natural wood rosin, it can seem pretty stable, but it doesn’t forgive careless storage or sloppy handling. Industry folks know that mishandling can mean ruined batches, health risks, or lost money. I’ve seen the headaches caused by improper storage—sacks caked with dust, sticky floors that turn into slip hazards, or drums rusted through because someone thought the warehouse corner looked empty. Mistakes like these point to what really matters: respect for the material and the safety of everyone involved.

Moisture and Temperature: Key Factors

Factories and labs work with rosin ester every day, but temperature and humidity swing wider in some places. If you leave a drum in direct sun or a poorly ventilated shed, sweating and tackiness creep in, leading to clumping or worse, product breakdown. Manufacturers recommend keeping it in cool, dry places for good reason. Most rosin esters perform best below 30°C (86°F) and out of humidity’s path. Even a bit of moisture can transform granules into lumps or create chemical shifts, making it tough to use in production. I’ve witnessed line stoppages after someone ignored a leaky roof—no one was happy on that shift.

Proper Containers Matter

Packaging choices affect both safety and shelf life. Metal drums with secure lids, lined fiber drums, and moisture-resistant bags help cut down on contamination and product loss. I once toured a facility where they’d switched to sealed liners after rodents shredded standard paper sacks the season before. Result: better output, fewer complaints, and less waste. Stacking containers off the ground and away from traffic keeps them preserved longer and less likely to open by accident. Dust from rosin ester may cause respiratory irritation, so giving some thought to the right storage isn’t accountant nitpicking—it’s basic health and logistics.

Handling and Personal Safety

Few people enjoy hearing safety lectures, but rosin ester up close can irritate skin, eyes, and lungs. Teams working with powders or chips wear gloves, long sleeves, goggles, and, where dust clouds build up, masks or respirators. Outfitting staff won’t break the bank, but it prevents costly trips to the company nurse. I remember a batch job where an enthusiastic new hire skipped gloves and ended his day covered in rashes—a small step, but one he remembered for the rest of his time there.

Spills and Disposal: Common Sense Steps

Spills almost always happen. Shoveling up dry material and sweeping the rest—not flushing it down drains—keeps things running smoothly and aligns with environmental guidelines. Sweeping up and disposing in designated waste bins, plus a wipe-down with safe solvents, makes everyone’s job easier. Training teams to handle small incidents without panic just takes a bit of time upfront and pays off down the line.

Review and Improvements: Real-World Solutions

Conditions change every season, and so do storage requirements. I’ve found that regular spot checks and a glance at warehouse logs reveal forgotten drums or weak points in procedure. Setting reminders for inspections and reviewing handling steps with each new shipment encourages careful work. Engaging with suppliers for up-to-date storage advice or best practices, and encouraging workers to speak up when they spot an issue, typically strengthens the process. Clear signage and tidy storage areas go a long way toward making sure no one takes shortcuts or leaves dangerous messes for someone else to clean up.

Is Rosin Ester compatible with other resins and polymers?

Understanding Rosin Ester's Place in Modern Materials

Touching a roll of tape or opening a bag of chips, few consider the chemistry behind what keeps things sealed or bonds surfaces together. Rosin ester, a product derived from refined pine resin, shows up in countless adhesives, inks, coatings, and plastics. Its presence points to a constant challenge creators face: which resins and polymers cooperate to yield stable, workable blends? This question shapes both performance and the environment for users.

How Rosin Ester Blends Work

In real experience, the key draw of rosin ester isn’t just tradition—though it has a legacy in natural-based industries. It brings a sticky, tacky, or flexible quality that solves regular industry challenges. This property often depends on how well it bonds or dissolves in other resins and popular polymers. For stickiness, think about blends based on EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate) or SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene). These polymers soak up rosin ester naturally, creating strong, durable adhesives.

Companies working with hot melt glues or pressure-sensitive labels rely on this blend compatibility. They get improved stick, flexibility even at low temperatures, and easy processing during production. Any time a factory tweaks an adhesive recipe, the chemists consider how rosin ester will react with their chosen base polymers, because outcomes can shift radically with a new grade or supplier.

Limits and Practical Hurdles

Not everything pairs smoothly in the lab. Some resins feel off-limits for routine use with rosin ester. For example, polyolefins like low-density polyethylene can resist proper mixing. Here, differences in how molecules attract or repel each other—the “polarity”—cause some blends to fail. In my own trial runs during a summer job at a packaging company, one batch of plastic wrap lost cling and developed a cloudy look. The culprit was a mismatch with a resin that didn’t welcome rosin ester.

Simple trial and error still plays a huge part. Innovations like hydrogenated or glycerol-esterified versions of rosin open up more possibilities. These modified esters mesh well with a broader class of synthetic rubbers and even help meet strict food-safety standards or lower VOC emissions. Manufacturers now look for certifications showing batch consistency and purity to avoid unstable results.

Sustainability Drives Fresh Interest

Sourcing habits keep shifting, especially as companies walk away from petroleum ingredients. Brands know that natural resin esters often stand on a better sustainability record than fossil-derived tackifiers. One challenge is getting the same performance using less or with new biodegradable polymers, a tricky feat not everyone has mastered. In the adhesives field, pressure keeps mounting to replace outdated resins without losing that familiar snap and peel users expect.

Where Improvements Find Momentum

Industry partnerships between universities, material suppliers, and consumer brands become fertile ground for fresh testing. Startups chase patent registrations, hoping to unlock recipes that crack compatibility codes. Facts show the biggest wins come through repeated collaboration—one lab alone doesn’t have all the answers. Market leaders understand that transparency, published performance data, and attention to user safety rank higher than ever in technical and purchasing decisions.

Moving forward, anyone relying on resin blends benefits from open dialogue and hard data—not just from a supplier’s technical sheet, but from actual production runs and feedback cycles. Down on the production floor, choices about rosin ester aren’t only about “if it works,” but “how does it keep working and what does it cost the planet?” That keeps such questions lively and necessary in today’s chemical industry.

Rosin Ester
Names
Preferred IUPAC name Octahydro-abietic acid, methyl ester
Other names Rosin esters
Gum rosin esters
Pentaerythritol ester of rosin
Ester gum
Foral
Hydroabietyl alcohol ester
Polymerized rosin ester
Pronunciation /ˈrɒzɪn ˈɛstər/
Identifiers
CAS Number 8050-26-8
Beilstein Reference 3913936
ChEBI CHEBI:537107
ChEMBL CHEMBL4271177
ChemSpider Chemical Compound: Rosin Ester does not have a unique ChemSpider ID, as it refers to a class of mixtures rather than a defined, individual chemical structure.
DrugBank DB13868
ECHA InfoCard EC 500-018-3
EC Number 3.2.1.17
Gmelin Reference 28456
KEGG C16049
MeSH D012394
PubChem CID 86622285
RTECS number WGK1AJ4E64
UNII 4A3VD79R6U
UN number UN 1866
Properties
Chemical formula C20H30O2
Molar mass Molar mass varies depending on the specific rosin acid and alcohol used to form the ester, so there is no single defined molar mass for "rosin ester".
Appearance Light yellow transparent solid
Odor Faint resinous
Density 0.96-1.10 g/cm3
Solubility in water Insoluble
log P 4.9
Vapor pressure Negligible
Acidity (pKa) Acidity (pKa): 4.8
Refractive index (nD) 1.500 - 1.550
Viscosity 400 - 500 cps
Dipole moment 1.15 D
Thermochemistry
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) 'ΔcH⦵298 = -10800 kJ/kg'
Pharmacology
ATC code A01AD11
Hazards
Main hazards May cause respiratory irritation. Causes skin and eye irritation. May cause allergic skin reaction.
GHS labelling GHS07, GHS09
Pictograms 'Flame','Exclamation Mark'
Signal word Warning
Hazard statements H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction.
Precautionary statements P261, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P333+P313, P362+P364
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) 1-1-0
Flash point >= 240°C (Closed cup)
Autoignition temperature Autoignition temperature: 500°C (932°F)
Lethal dose or concentration LD50 Oral Rat > 5000 mg/kg
LD50 (median dose) LD50 (median dose): >5000 mg/kg (oral, rat)
NIOSH NA8570000
PEL (Permissible) 15 mg/m3
REL (Recommended) 1600 mg/kg
IDLH (Immediate danger) Not established
Related compounds
Related compounds Polymerized rosin
Maleic rosin
Fumarated rosin
Rosin amine
Rosin oil